Nginx核心要领十四：Nginx安装配置完整版

转x33g5p2x  于2021-12-20 转载在 其他  
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分两种方式介绍安装nginx，第一种服务器上直接安装nginx，第二种docker安装nginx
1.服务器上直接安装
1.1.更新与安装编译工具

yum update
yum -y install vim gcc gcc-c++ automake autoconf libtool make pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel

1.2.下载nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.16.0
mkdir module

1.3.把要安装的插件放入 nginx-1.16.0/module/ 下

nginx-goodies-nginx-sticky-module-ng-08a395c66e42.tar
nginx-http-concat-1.2.2.tar

1.4.编译，把插件添加进去一起编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-1.16.0/module/nginx-http-concat-1.2.2/ --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-1.16.0/module/nginx-sticky-module/ --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_v2_module
1.5.安装

make && make install

1.6.配置nginx.conf
worker_processes  2;
events {
    worker_connections  10240;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length 2k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_comp_level 3;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml application/x-httpd-php application/x-font-ttf font/ttf font/eot image/jpeg image/gif image/png;

    upstream xxx {
       #使用sticky，不设置expires则浏览器关闭时结束会话
       #sticky domain=xxx.zypcy.cn path=/;
       server localhost:8080;
       keepalive 32;
       keepalive_requests 100;
       keepalive_timeout 40s;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  xxx.zypcy.cn;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://xxx;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            #如果swagger没有转发端口，则可以用下面的配置
            #proxy_set_header Forwarded host=$host:$server_post;
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Connection "";
            proxy_connect_timeout 90;
            proxy_send_timeout 90;
            proxy_buffer_size 4k;
            proxy_buffers 4 32k;
            client_max_body_size 10m;
            client_body_buffer_size 256k;
            #下面2个配置参数在转发时比较重要，如果是api服务请注释，如果是页面服务请打开注释
            #proxy_buffering off;
            #proxy_redirect off;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

    #配置concat合并小文件功能
    #http://192.168.68.136:8080/js/??a.js,b.js,c.js （同一目录下资源）
    #http://192.168.68.136:8080/??kissy/seed-min.js,kg/global-util/index-min.js（不同目录下资源）
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  res.zypcy.cn;
        #允许跨域访问
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
        location / {
	    #开启referers防盗链，只能 *.zypcy.cn 能访问该location下的资源
            valid_referers none blocked server_names *.zypcy.cn;
            if ($invalid_referer) {
             #盗链时返回403
             return 403;
            }
            alias /home/lkh/;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            
            #开启小文件合并功能
            concat on;
            concat_max_files 30;
            concat_types concat_types: text/css text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript;
        }
    } 
}
1.7.系统参数优化

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 15
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

配置生效 ：sysctl -p

1.8.更改进程最大文件句柄数：ulimit -n 1048576

vi /etc/profile
加入：ulimit -SHn 1048576
source /etc/profile

2.Docker安装Nginx
2.1.安装Docker，下载nginx镜像，docker pull nginx:1.16.1
1.创建nginx目录结构：mkdir -p /home/nginx/logs /home/nginx/conf
2.给nginx目录授权：chmod 777 /home/nginx -R
3.启动nginx：docker run -d --name nginx nginx:1.16.1
4.把nginx容器中配置文件复制到宿主机：
  docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /home/nginx/conf
  docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /home/nginx/conf

5.停止nginx：docker stop nginx; docker rm nginx;
6.启动nginx：docker run -d -it --name nginx --restart=always -p 7080:80 \
            -v /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
	        -v /home/nginx/conf/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
	        -v /home/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
	        nginx:1.16.1

7.修改 /home/nginx/conf/default.conf 中的配置
8.热更新配置：docker exec -i nginx(容器id) nginx -s reload

根据自己的需求修改 vi /home/nginx/conf/default.conf 配置中的内容

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
          #root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
          #index  index.html index.htm;
          #default_type text/html;
          #return 200 'hello zy!';
	      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
	      proxy_set_header Host $host;
	      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	      proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
	      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
	      #add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
	      add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
	      add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers 'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization';
	      #如果swagger没有转发端口，则可以用下面的配置
	      #proxy_set_header Forwarded host=$host:$server_post;
	 
	      client_max_body_size 50m;
	      client_body_buffer_size 512k;
	      proxy_connect_timeout 1;
	      proxy_send_timeout 60;
	      proxy_read_timeout 120;
	      proxy_buffer_size 256k;
	      proxy_buffers 4 256k;
	      proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
	      proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
	      proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404;
	      proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}

还可以修改 vi /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 的配置

user  nginx;
worker_processes  4;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  10240;
}
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    
    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length 2k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_comp_level 3;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml application/x-httpd-php application/x-font-ttf font/ttf font/eot image/jpeg image/gif image/png;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; }
2.5.再次运行nginx镜像

–restart=always 表示docker重启时，容器也重启
–network=host 表示使用宿主机网络

docker stop nginx;docker rm nginx;docker run -d -it --name nginx \
 -p 7080:80 \
 -v /root/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
 -v /root/nginx/conf/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf \
 -v /root/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
 nginx:1.16.1
2.6.docker nginx镜像 swagger未转发端口问题
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 10.10.10.146;
    location / {
      #default_type text/html;
      #return 200 'hello zy!';
      proxy_pass http://xxx;
      #如果swagger没有转发端口，则需要$server_port写死
      proxy_set_header Forwarded host=$host:$server_port;
      #proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host  $host;
      #如果是docker容器，则需要$server_port写死
      #proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port  $server_port; 
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }
  }

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原文链接 : https://zhuyu.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103696133

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